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Memo - Curbside Recycling , . I PUBLIC WORKS I . Memorandunl To: Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council Copy: Steven C. Mielke, City Manager From: Penny Cleve, Recycling Coordinator Date: June 25, 2002 Subject: Curbside Recycling BackGround: The City of Hopkins implemented residential curbside recycling in January 1991. The original program required residents to source separate their recyclables. This meant that each type of material had to be placed in a separate paper bag (7 bags) within an 18~gallon recycling bin. Our recycling program has changed over the years, keeping pace with the recycling industry's . advances in technology. The City's current program is a two-sort systemj where paper is separated from containers and both materials (2 bags) are placed in an 18-gallon recycling bin. Each change to OUf recycling program has made recycling easier for our residents. Less sorting has meant more households participating and larger volumes of recyclables being removed from the waste stream. This has been documented in our annual Municipal Recycling Reports to Hennepin County. (See attachment 1) Industry Update: Recently, Waste Management, our recycling contractor, opened a new material recovery facility in Minneapolis. The facility is equipped with state of the art equipment and has the ability to separate all commingled products. With this facility operational it opens the door for the adoption of Waste Management's newest residential recycling program, Single-Sort. Waste Management has approached staff about switching to a Single.Sort Residential Recycling Program. Single-sort is a method of recycling that requires no sorting of materials by residents; all recyclable materials are placed together (commingled) in a 65-gallon cart with wheels. All the sorting is done at the material recovery facility in Minneapolis. . - 1 - , , Proposed Recyclina Program: . 1. Waste Management wou1d provide residents with a 60 gallon recycling cart and be responsible for maintenance, replacement etc. After three months residents could request either a 30 or 90 gallon recycling cart if the 60 gallon did not meet their needs 2. Recycling would be picked up every other week. We would provide a twelve-month calendar highlighting the weeks recycling would be collected. 3. All recyclable materials to be commingled (no sorting by resident) 4. Collection will remain the same day as refuse 5. Carts and information packet to be delivered to residents 6. Existing contract to be renegotiated Recommendation: The following recommendation is made based upon the results of two single sort recycling pilot programs that have taken place in the Twin Cities metropolitan area in the last two years. We specifically looked at pilot programs undertaken by the Hennepin Recycling Group (HRG) in the cities of Crystal, New Hope and Brooklyn Center and the Neighborhood Recycling Consortium (NRC), who administers the recycling program for the City of St. Paul. The HRG pilot program took place in communities vvhose recycling programs e were identical to ours, a two-sort system where paper is separated from containers 1 paper and containers placed in an 18 gallon recycling bin and collected either in the alley or at the curb. The program lasted four months, March through June 2001. Recycling was collected in a SO-gallon cart with wheets, similar to our refuse carts, and picked up bi-weekly by an automated truck. Records were kept on the percentage of households participating and the tonnage collected. These statistics were then compared to pre pilot records. In all pilot neighborhoods, significant increases in both participation and tonnage occurred. (See attachment 2) The NRC study consisted of six different recycling programs, five new programs with the sixth program being their current program. The programs ranged from their original program of source separated (each material sorted) to single sort commingled in a 60-gallon wheeled cart and picked up bi-weekly by an automated truck. The records kept indicated that the single-sort, hi-weekly program had the highest approval rating with residents willing to pay increased fees to adopt the program cit)f\Nide. (See attachment 2) Near the conclusion of these pilot programs each organization mailed surveys to the participants. Both organizations had over 50% of the surveys returned. The response to the single sort program in both pilots was overwhelmingly positive. . - 2 - ---- - - The benefits residents listed were: . 1. Less truck traffic in neighborhoods 2. Simplifies recycling, user friendly - no sorting required 3. Recycling materials stayed dry - lids on carts 4. No materials blowing around neighborhoods - lids on carts 5. The cart is easy to wheel to curb or alley - no lifting is needed 6. The cart took up the same amount of floor space as the bin - it was just taller The problems residents listed were: 1. Not remembering what week recycling was collected 2. 50-gallon cart was either too big or too small The HRG, as a result of their pilot program, did adopt Single-Sort Residential Recycling for the communities of New Hope, Crystal and Brooklyn Center. This became effective January 1, 2902. The NRC did not adopt Single-Sort Residential Recycling citing the cost of the carts as being prohibitive and their belief that the percentage of residuals was too high. . SinQle-Sort Residential Recyclinq does raise two concems: The first and most significant is that Waste Management is currently the only company in Minnesota that is collecting and processing recyclables using the single-sort method. If single-sort does not become the industry standard and Waste Management's prices do not remain competitive; we would need to change contractors. This would obviously cause inconvenience to our residents, as recycling collection procedures would change again. The second COncern is the percentage of residual material generated by single- stream collection. Residuals, materials that cannot be recycled after processing, are a cause for controversy because they are different things to different people. A residual to the waste industry is any recycled material that cannot be processed into any form and used for any purpose. Residuals to. environmentalists are any material that cannot be recycled into its original form. Glass containers are an excellent example. When colored and clear glass becomes broken during recycling collection it is difficult to sort: therefore, it is mixed together. Glass manufacturers cannot process this material into containers. It is sold as daily cover for landfills or as an aggregate substitute. After discussing these concerns at length, there was a consensus of opinion that it was in the City's best interests to recommend the implementation of the Single- Sort Residential Recycling Program once a contract agreement is reached with . Waste Management. The projected start date being October 7,2002. It is felt - 3 - single-sort recycling exists and is successful in other states and that Waste . Management is dedicated to making it a success and keeping costs competitive in Minnesota. Since Waste Management is delivering all of its recycling collections to the single-sort material recovery facility the residual factor is going to exist vv'hether we change to single-sort or remain with two-sort recycling. To make a change to the residuals we would have to change to a contractor that delivers the recyclables to a facility that operates multi-sort Hnes. Changing to the Single-Sort Residential Recycling program would meet our goals of making the recycling process easier, thereby increasing participation and volume of material collected. Implementation The program change would be introduced to residents through inserts in utiiity bills, door hangers, Sun Sailor newspaper articles, September Hopkins Highlights, information delivered with cart. (See attached samples) . Attachments . ~4- -- -- -- --" -- --. -- . ATTACHMENT 1 YEAR %OF AVG. POUNDS PER HOUSEHOLD PARTICIPATION RECYCLED 1996 47 765 1997 Information N/A Information N/A 1998 53 685 1999 66 709 2000 54 735 2001 61 777 . . - -- ATTACmiENT ::: HENNEPIN RECYCLING GROUP (NRG) The following report shows the set outs and weight of materials collection start-up to date. . Date Total Stops Total Picked Tons Picked PERCENT LBSITRASH 2/28/01 196 145 2.73 74% 2/28/01 193 152 2.86 79% 3/1101 226 143 2.9 63% 3/14/01 196 138 2.3 70% 3/14/01 193 142 2.36 74% 3/15101 226 147 2.25 65% 80 LBS 3/28/01 192 152 2.62 79% 3/28/01 193 159 2.74 82% 3/29/01 226 168 - 2.88 74% 120LBS 4/11/01 196 154 2.48 79% 4/11/01 193 165 2.65 84.60% 4/12/01 226 158 2.33 \ 70% 4/25/01 196 159 2.68 82% 4/25/01 193 174 2.87 87% 4126/01 226 175 2.87 77% 5/9/01 196 161 2.56 84% 5/9/01 193 176 2.8 90.70% 5/1 DID 1 226 184 3.18 81% . 5/23/01 196 164 2.47 82% 5/23/01 193 163 2.45 83% 5/24/01 226 173 2.65 77% 6/6/01 196 168 2.51 85.70% 6/6/01 193 162 2.6 84% 6/7101 226 186 2.86 82% Note: Pilot Study collection is scheduled to end the week of June 21,2001. With the decision being made to expand city-wide, the current pilot area will continue with the cart program for the balance of 2001 with delivery of carts to all households in November/December and new collection system implemented at beginning of 2002 contract term. Pre-Pilot One-month Comparison - November 2000 Av. Set-out New Hope = 133/68% - 1.5 ton Crystal = 122/63%- 1.4 ton B.Center = 131/58% - 1.2 ton . ---" -- ATTACHHENT 3 NEIGHBORHOOD RECYCLING CONSORTJUM (NRC) . This combination of field data collection, national information gathering and program participant surveys has provided a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the costs of each tested collection method, the convenience of each method to the residents and the impact of that convenience on their participation, and the overall environmental impacts, or increase/decrease in materials getting to markets. Table 2 provides a comprehensive comparison of the various collection methods overall performance, combining the collection route performance measures with the cost and processing performance data that is provided in Appendix A. Table 2; Comparison of Pro2ram Elements of Tested Scenarios A. Source- B. Two-Stream C. Two~Stream D. Two-Stream D. Two-Stream E. Single~ Separated wI Commingled Commingled Commingled Commingled & Stream Education Omanics Collection Bi~ Weekly Hi-Weekly Hi-Weekly Weekly \" eekly Bi-Weekly Schedule Recycling is-Gallon 18-Gallon Bins 2 - 35 gallon 18 -Gallon Bins I8-Gallon Bins 64-Gallon Cart Containers Bins Carts 35-GaUon Cart % Increase in 6.2% 7.3% 32.8% 26.1"10 91.6% 20.8% Tons Collected City-Wide 16,300 Materials TonIYr 16,453 20.394 19,361 29,410 18,519 Collected * % Material A B A B A B A B A B A B Loss During 1% 1.6% 6.4% 10.9% 6.4% 11.6% 6.4% 10.8% 7.5% 11% 14.2% 27.2% Proccssinl! "" . Net Program Material 16,13 7 16,039 15,400 14,660 19,089 18,028 18,122 17,270 27,204 26,175 15,889 13,482 Recvcled ** Net overaU % Increase in 5.1% 4.5"/0 00/0 -4.5% 24.4% 17.5% 18.1% 12.5% 77.2% 70.5 0;" 3.5% -12.2% Tons Recvcled Collection $60 $50 $65 $59 $80 $51 Costs I Tun Processing $35 $50 $50 $50 $50 $30 $60 Costs J Ton (Rec) (On!:) Processing $50 $43 $44 $43 $43 $20 $33 Revenue I Ton Net Costs I $45 $57 $71 $66 $88 $78 Ton Customer N/A 80% 83% 76% 75% 87% Satisfaction"*"' Willing to' Pay N/A 73% 63% 61% 54% 65% for Chanl!e * E1I.cludes District 14 and Multifamily Program tonnages. ** Column "A" under "Material Loss During Processing" is the residual rate calculated without including mi1\.ed glass. Column "B" is the residual rate wben including mixed glass as not being recycled. Eureka Recycling does not consider the use of mixed glass as an aggregate material or daily landfill cover as a recyded material. These residual rates are then applied to the total materials collected to calculate "Net Program Material Recycled" ***Percentage preference of the study method tbat group tested to the ClI1Tent source-separated program. . rl_ 7 . . . ./'~ ; Birchwood, Dellwood, . ~(.L.f~l e . Mahtomedi, and . . Willernie . . . "...... :.';<T;"!::r:;..~..:t'::'i;,",iV}.1 ... -'.'J "' . R~cytlli;g'c~{~&ffilI~i' ..... . on . :,;: '; ,',;-,1-' Single Strean1 Catis are coming soon To your neighborhood. . . Between June 3rd and June th We will be delivering to you a Green cart on wheels, just in time For the kick - off of the "ONE SORT' EVERY- OTHER WEEK pilot Recycling collection program. . . . .CoIL~ction will begin in T\1ahtomedi, Birchwood, and Vlillernie pilot areas OnJune 1 ih and Dellwood on the 20th. . At~achcd to your cali \vil1 be a plastic ."."B~icontaining program instructions, a Calendar of tbe dates of collection and Telephone Numbers for your questions. PLEASE REVIE\V ALL T\1A TERlAL CAREFULLY! Your cart should be set at the curb by 6:30 a.m. On your collection day, across the driveway From your trash. If you have any questions about this program, Please call 952-736-2407. ,.,... . ..~ ,."., ." ',-,.. ....,,..~< ' c_..." .., -, c~,. __ , ,. . . . ". .. ~ .,: '. ,:',.,. '.' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ',... . .... - .. . , , ;; .-1. -----.. --- --.. --.. - - -. - CITY O~&.~HTOMEDI 600 Stillwater Road . Mahtomedi, Minnesota 55115 651-426-3344 May 23,2002 Dear Resident, The purpose of this letter is to inform you that your neighborhood has been selected to participate in a new and innovative recycling program. The City Council has decided to conduct a "pilot program" through our recycling contractor, Waste Management in which all recyclables will be placed in a single container rather than being bagged and separated as in the current program. We believe that this collection method will address some of the concerns that have arisen in the past reganling the recycling program, such as blowing debris and the extra effOli necessary to sort recyclab1es. As a part of the pilot program, you and your neighbors will have an opportunity to try out the system and provide feedback about it to the City and Waste Management. In order that we have a successful study, please read and follow all information and instructions carefully, set out your recyc1ables on a regular basis and respond to the survey . that will be sent to you after the program has been in place for several months. All questions should be directed to Gary Boyum at 952 -736 - 2 407 the program administrator for Waste Management. During the week of June 3,2002, you will receive a mid-sized, 64-gallon heavy-duty green cmi with a hinged lid and wheels. It will be labeled with recycling instructions. Please use the new cart in place of your present recycling bin. As noted in the enclosed instructions, please place all of your acceptable recyclable containers (clean glass bottles, metal cans, and narrow neck plastic bottles) and all acceptable paper fibers (newspaper, junk mail, magazines, cardboard), loose directly into the cart. Collection using the new system in your area will begin June 17, 2002. Your recycling will be collected every-other-week on Monday. A schedule of collection dates is also enclosed. Please remember to have your cart at the curb by 7:00 a.m. This program willmll at least through the adoption of a new recyclable hauling contract around the first of next year. If the pilot project is successful, the City Council will consider extending it community wide next year. The goal of tIlis program is to be user friendly, increase waste reduction and improve customer participation and satisfaction, while it reduces truck traffic in our neighborhoods. \Ve hope that it will help you and the City meet our waste management goals to REDUCE- REUSE - RECYCLE. Thank you in advance for your pmiicipation in this program. . Sincerwu Ma or S-ErJk1'-12.-4 !f'ffu . Crystal · t HRG . Nnv Hope . ,,_ " .. l If{~ Hennepin Recycling Group . Brooklyn Center .. - "\fT - 5200 85th Avenue North, Brooklyn Park, I'vIN 55444 (763) 493-8006 RECYCLE "MO"BILE IS COMING SOON TO YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD... Between February 1 and February 9 We will be Delivering to you a Recycle "MO" bile" Green cart on wheels, just in time for the kick-off of the "H RG" ONE-SORT, EVERY-OTHER WEEK pilot recycling collection program. . Collection will begin in the Crystal and in the New Hope pilot areas on Wednesday, February 28, and will begin Thursday March 1 in the Brooklyn Center area. Attached to your cart will be a plastic re-useable litter bag containing a refrigerator magnet that will have program instructions~ a calendar of the dates for collection and telephone numbers for your questions. Please review all materials carefully. Recycle "MO" bile" should be set at the curb by 6:30 a.m. on your collection day with handle facing the house, across the driveway from the garbage cart. If you have questions about the program or about customer service issues, please call 763-493-8006. . NOTE: Your garbage will continue to be collected WEEKLY on your regular service day. Only your recycling will be EVERY-OTHER WEEK. This is a cooperative pilot program of ""~(j", Mennepln County Board of Commissioners and Waste Hanagement, - - - ~u~ I 0--, ~.JI -If (I) N t II "l" ~. =',~ '3 ... ~: C ~ _wJ ,.:' -:. ,~'. .. ~ ~i a.> c15 .".!'-'. aiR.. .~1O.1 ""C ..0' ~'~,;'l gi! ". ,C 'lll' ""....... s:: n a'~ .. .i~:'''= =j!'- 1.11 . (I) _ ". 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E ;s ,.~ ~ ,~ i ~ = e ~ i-~ ] !,2'i ii - "'Oil'" - '.,I: "ro. t-" ... l! .. l! ] . 6 "1" ! k> ~ :l:~ ~"" "'-5 _ _~, 1; _0/1 ! t ~i c E 8. .., ,.... -re '" ~ ,~ j ~ o j!;'ti"'E g ~ 'edJ ~ ~ ~ . ), .,', ....." o .. : . i~,~,. - . - " g "'; -- ~__. _;:" - \~[tY, v ~ '. ~ . ~ ~ 8) ~". 'l-c -= ~~ ; J!.~ f ~ -"'c ~ ~ Q) l e~ i ~ ~~ ~ O/I~ U ~~~ l .is ~ ~a "- ~ a. '" ~---- 0::0 &--/YGP-.-L( '. . \ \ .-- ~.- -- . \ , \ -- ! .i . Sorry we missed you! I We stopped by your house today to talk to you about participating in Saint Paul's recycling collection study. In the next few days, wewill be _ delivering special recycling cOhfajn~.ks~'your door. For the next four months, please use these special containers to take your materials to the curb on your recycling day. Be sure to keep your regular blue bin in a safe place - you'll need it again when the study is Finished. Thank you for p.articipating! Questions? Call the Recycling Hotline: . 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