Memo-Nine Mile Cove Water Main Legal Issues
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Public Warks Department
Memorandum
To:
Honorable Mayor and Members of the City Council
Copy:
Steven C. Mielke, City Manager ~
Steven J. Stadler, Public Works Director
From:
Date:
May 1, 2003
Subject:
Nine Mile Cove Water main Legal Issues
Wynn Curtis, City Attorney, has reviewed the project files, agreements, correspondence
and the circumstances surrounding the problems associated with a section of new
water main installed as a part of the Nine Mile Cove residential redevelopment. His
attached memo includes a clear description of the background and legal issues as well
as his recommendation. He states that a major hurdle in pursuing a cost recovery
lawsuit is the two-year statute of limitations (SOL). It is possible our case could be
dismissed based on expiration of the SOL. Wynn recommends we file a claim to at
least see if we can win the SOL issue. This is estimated to cost the city $3,000 -
$5,000 in legal fees. Staff agrees with the City Attorney's recommendation.
s- /Z./o3
TO:
STEVE STADLER, DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS
FROM:
WYNN CURTISS, CITY ATTORNEY
RE:
NINE MILE COVE W A TERMAIN CLAIM
The purpose of this memorandum is to discuss possible legal claims arising from the
failure of the watermain constructed as part of the Nine Mile Cove development.
BACKGROUND
On April 7, 1997, the City of Hopkins C'Hopkins") entered into a Development
Agreement (the "Agreement") with Taurus Properties, Inc. ("Taurus") to permit construction of a
62-nit townhome development located at what was to be called Nine Mile Cove (hereafter, the
"Project"). Included in the Project was the construction and installation of certain utilities,
including a watermain (the "Watermain"). Taurus, pursuant to a contract dated August 19, 1997,
hired Arcon Construction Co. ("Arcon") to be the Project's general contractor.
Pursuant to the Agreement, Taurus was required to obtain from Arcon a Maintenance
Bond (the "Bond") to pay for repairs to the Project in the event Arcon refused to do so. There is
no other language in the Agreement specifically requiring Taurus to provide a warranty for the
Project work. Instead, the Bond was to cover all defects, deficiencies and failures to the .
improvements discovered or arising within three years of the date Hopkins accepted the
improvements. On November 3,2000, Arcon provided Hopkins a Bond that, by its terms,
indicated the Project had been accepted effective October 21, 1998, the date from which the
Bond's three-year coverage period ran. For reasons that are not clear, the Bond specifically
excluded a portion of the project that included the Watermain.
Due to soil conditions on the Project site, different options were considered
regarding the manner in which to construct the Watermain. Based on the
recommendations of an engineering firm, it was decided that the Watermain would be
supported by pilings driven into the soil. Construction on the Watermain was completed
in 1998 and the first failure of the Watermain occurred shortly thereafter.
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Between 1998 and April 2002, there were five breaks of the watermain. The first
four were repaired by Arcon without cost to Hopkins. In May 2001, following the fourth
break, an investigation the Watermain was damaged by the pilings due to the fact a wood
support placed between the piling and the Watermain itself, called the pile cap, was being
crushed, with the result being that the Watermain itself was being forced down onto the
piling and being damaged by the piling. Following the May 2001 break, Hopkins
contacted Taurus, Arcon and the Bond company, LibertyMutual, regarding the ongoing
problem. Taurus responded by referring to the lack of a specific warranty from it in the
Agreement. Arcon responded by claiming the work was not defective and even if it was,
the remedy was to come from the Bond. Arcon noted, however, that the area of damaged
Hopciv\9MileCoveCouncilMemo
Watermain was excluded from the Bond. Liberty Mutual did not respond. No further
action was pursued by Hopkins.
In the spring of 2002, an new leak occurred and Hopkins again contacted Arcon
which replied that it would not repair the leak unless it was paid to do so.
Hopkins hired STS Consultants ("STS") to evaluate the ongoing problem wi~h the
Watermain to determine the cause of the problem. STS provided a report dated December
3,2002, that indicated the primary cause of the problem was the use by Arcon of wood
for the pile caps that was inadequate to support the expected weight. STS also indicated
the pile cap also should have been constructed with a "saddle area" and that the lack of a
"saddle area" likely contributed to the pile cap failure.
A new watermain section will be constructed to replace the defective Watermain,
at a cost to Hopkins in excess of $40,000.00.
LEGAL ISSUES
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The question is whether Hopkins has a legal claim against Taurus, Arcon or the
Bond company, Liberty Mutual, for the cost of repairing the Watermain. Due to the
circumstances in this matter, claims against each of the possible defendants have
significant obstacles. .
TAURUS CLAIMS
. Hopkins' claims against Taurus would be for breach of warranty due to the
defective work, breach of contract due to the defective work, breach of contract for
failing to require Arcon to provide the appropriate maintenance bond and negligent
design of the Watermain system.
Hopkins' breach of warranty and breach of contract claims due to the defective
work are problematic due to the lack of a specific provision in the Agreement by which
Taurus warrants the quality of the work or is otherwise held to a specific performance
standard. As Taurus rightly notes, the Agreement appeared designed to shift the risk for
correcting defects from Taurus to Arcon and/or its bond company. Taurus itself did not
agree to provide a separate warranty for the Project.
A second problem with a warranty/contract claim against Taurus relates to the
statute of limitation for claims involving improvements to real property. Minnesota law
requires that a legal claim involving a defect to an improvement to real property be
brought within two years of the time the defect is or should have been discovered. In this
case, the first break in the Watermain occurred in 1998 and several subsequent breaks
occurred through May 2001. In each case, the break related to the crushed pile caps. Any
defendant, therefore, likely will claim Hopkins knew or should have known long ago that
the pile caps were the problem and brought suit within two years. In response, Hopkins
could claim that because Arcon fixed the problems, there was no claim to make.
Hopciv\9MileCoveCouncil Memo
. Alternatively, Hopkins could claim the Bond applies through October 2001 and any
defects discovered during that time trigger the two-year limitations period, which would
not completely run until October 2003. Because the May 2001 break clearly
demonstrated the cause of the problem to be the pile caps, the court could take the
position the two-year period began running at that time.
A second possible claim against Taurus relates to the fact the Bond did not
provide complete coverage for all aspects of the Project. Failure to provide the
appropriate maintenance bond would be a breach of the Agreement and Taurus would
have to stand in where the Bond does not apply. The biggest obstacle to this claim is that
Taurus itself did not procure the Bond or provide it to Hopkins. Rather, Arcon provided
the Bond, which clearly states an exclusion not permitted by the Agreement. Taurus
undoubtedly would claim Hopkins waived any claim due to the defective Bond because
Hopkins accepted the Bond in the form provided by Arcon.
Hopkin's negligent design claim against Taurus would be subject to the same
limitations period defense as the warranty and contract claims discussed above. Hopkins
might also have a negligence claim against another Taurus subcontractor, Westwood
Professional Services, Inc., which assisted Taurus in the Project.
ARCON CLAIMS
Hopkins claims against Arcon likely would be limited to a negligent construction
claim due to the defective pile caps. Because Hopkins did not have a contract with Arcon,
there is no contract or warranty claim to make by Hopkins against Arcon. Any claim
against Arcon also would be subject to the statute of limitations claim.
If Hopkins were to pursue a claim against the Bond, the bonding company likely
would sue Arcon pursuant to the terms of the agreement between Arcon and the bonding
company.
BOND CLAIMS
Hopkins might bring a claim against the Bond itself. The Agreement language
says the Bond applies to defects arising within three years of the date the Project is
accepted. Clearly, the defects occurred within that time. The question, as before, is
whether Hopkins had to bring the claim against the Bond within two years of discovering
the defect. The Bond itself sets no procedure for making a claim and imposes no earlier
deadline than the statutory two-year period.
DISCUSSION
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The most important issue is the application of the statute of limitations. The best
documented cause of the problems comes from the May 14,2001 break. If a claim is to
be filed, it would, therefore, be prudent to file a claim before May 14,2003, to limit the
possible application of the statute of limitations defense.
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The second issue is cost. It is likely that the defendants will, quite quickly in the
litigation, file a motion with the Court seeking to dismiss the claims on the grounds the
statute oflimitation precludes the claims. To get to this point in the litigation it likely will
cost Hopkins between $3,000.00 and $5,000.00 in legal fees and costs. If the case is
dismissed following such a motion, an appeal is possible and it would cost an additional
$2,500.00 to $3,000.00, if pursued.
The initial goal of the litigation would be to defeat the motion to dismiss. If the
defendants are forced to proceed with the case, they will have an incentive to settle the
case rather than incur the fees necessary to litigate to a conclusion. The more defendants
that can be included (Taurus, Arcon, Liberty Mutual, Westwood) the more pockets
available to contribute to a settlement. If the motion to dismiss is denied, the possible cost
to Hopkins for a trial likely would be between $15,000.00 and $20,000.00. None of these
attorney fees can be recovered, althdugh some other costs might be. However, since each
of the defendants also would likely incur this level of fees, or higher given the relatively
low rate Hopkins would pay compared to the rates the other parties would pay their
attorneys, there would be a good chance the matter could be settled for an amount that
would cover the cost of the fees paid by Hopkins plus an additional amount to defray
some of the costs of moving the Watermain. Typically, settlements do not make a party
whole. It is unlikely Hopkins could expect to receive a settlement that paid all the
attorney fees and costs and 100% of the costs to replace the Watermain.
The issue for the Council, therefore, is whether it wishes to risk $3,000.00 to
$5,000.00 in attorney fees and costs to pursue the claims in the hope of recovering an
amount greater than the costs to pay some of the extra costs incurred to remedy the
Watermain problem.
RECOMMENDATION
The position of the City Attorney's office is that a claim should be filed against at
least Taurus and Arcon and possibly Westwood. A claim against the Bond company
seems less appropriate since the Bond company only wrote the type of bond it was asked
to write, it had no independent obligation to write a bond that met the terms of the
Agreement. As for the claims against Taurus et aI, it is our opinion that the statute of
limitations defense poses a significant, although not insurmountable, obstacle to
recovery. Given the cost to repair the Watermain, the cost to pursue the claims at least
through the inevitable motion to dismiss appear reasonable and justified.
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