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Memo- TOD Mixed UseMEMO To: City Council & Zoning and Planning Commission From: Nancy Anderson Date: December 9, 2010 Subject: Transit -Oriented Development/Mixed Use I. INTRODUCTIONS II. TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT/MIXED USE The Comprehensive Plan has a new designation of mixed-use. This mixed-use designation is centered around the future Light Rail Transit (LRT) stations. Another term that has been used in relation to development around the LRT stations is Transit - Oriented Development (TOD). The City does not have a corresponding zoning district for these types of development. The proposed mixed-use ordinance was reviewed by the Commission and City Council earlier at a joint meeting. The ordinance has not changed substantially. During the last several months the Commission has been reviewing it and refining it. III. WHAT IS TRANSIT -ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT? The following is a sample of definitions of TOD developments: • Transit -oriented development is a form of development that locates people and destinations near public transportation centers. It is the mix of uses around each transit station that will allow TOD users to rely on walking trips as well as transit trips to reach destinations. • Transit -oriented Development is commonly defined as mixed-use development designed to maximize access to, and promote use of, public transportation, with an emphasis on pedestrian circulation and accessibility. • It is this mix of uses that allows people to live, work, shop, use transit, walk, and bike in the TOD area. The TOD development is usually denser development that the rest of the community. IV. WHAT IS MIXED USE? Mixed-use is a component of the TOD development along with elevated densities and pedestrian orientation. The following are some definitions: Mixed-use development is the practice of allowing more than one type of use in a building or set of buildings. In planning zone terms, this can mean some combination of residential, commercial, industrial, office, institutional, or other land uses. A commercial zoning classification that permits, rather than mandates, a vertical mix of commercial and residential uses within the same building. Mixed use, which generally refers to a deliberate mix of housing, civic uses, and commercial uses, including retail, restaurants, and offices. A mix of specific land uses that are typically found separately in "mutually exclusive" zoning districts. V. DISCUSSION TOUR - CITY COUNCIL/MOLLY CUMMINGS VI. DISCUSSION TRANSIT STATIONS/PUBLIC SPACES The Center for Transit -Oriented Development says the following about public spaces: "The public space around stations should be pedestrian -friendly and welcoming to transit riders, TOD residents and other visitors. A successful public space is easy to walk around in, provides comfortable places for sitting, and incorporates shade and landscaping, attractive lighting, water fountains, and public art. The addition of some retail can make transit more convenient and comfortable by allowing users to purchase coffee, a magazine or newspaper, or a snack. It's important to make these spaces feel welcoming and safe both for the people who live and work at the station as well as for transit riders who come in off the street." Blake Road Station area Shady Oak Station area 8th Avenue Station area VII. PUBLIC ART Examples of Central Corridor VIII. OTHER DISCUSSION TOPICS Reduced Parking in TOD areas IX. SUMMARY The goal of tonight's discussion is to have the City Council and Planning Commission start the dialogue regarding the station areas. The mixed-use zoning district is a start, but by no means an end. In the next several years there will be the process of starting to refine what the station areas will look like. MIXED USE The primary purposes of the Mixed Use Zone Districts are to: • Provide appropriate areas for and facilitate quality mixed use development in activity centers that are consistent with the Comprehensive Plan's land use and transportation goals, objective, policies and strategies; • Accommodate intensities and patterns of development that can support multiple modes of transportation, including public transit, biking and walking; • Group and link places used for living, working, shopping, schooling, and recreating, thereby reducing vehicle trips, relieving traffic congestion, improving air quality in the City and encouraging active living principles; • Provide a variety of residential housing types and densities to assure activity in the district and support a mix of uses, and enhance the housing choices of City residents; and • Integrate new mixed use development with its surroundings by encouraging connections for pedestrians and vehicles and by assuring sensitive, compatible use, scale, and operational transitions to neighboring uses. Development Standards For Mixed Use Parkin Parking within the mixed use district must be located in multilevel structures or in shared parking lots, where feasible and with approval of the City. The following requirements will apply to all uses allowed by right located within the mixed use zoning district if a TDM or shared parking study has not been completed and approved by the City Council: a) A minimum of .5 and a maximum of one parking space per multi -family unit is permitted; one guest space per 15 units is permitted. b) A maximum of three parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of office space is permitted. c) A maximum of three parking spaces per 1,000 square feet of retail space is permitted. d) Where feasible, ingress and egress from parking must be from side streets or alleys. Travel Demand Management Plan (TDM)/ Mass Transit Links Off-street parking requirements may be reduced subject to approval by the City Council, where a TDM plan, parking and transportation study is submitted. The TDM plan, parking and transportation study is conducted in accordance with accepted methodology approved by the City staff, prepared by an independent traffic engineering professional under the supervision of the City and paid for by the applicant. These plans must address the transportation impacts of the development and proposed TDM mitigating measures and showing that parking demand will be decreased by access to nearby transit. Where a TDM plan is approved, a properly drawn legal instrument, executed by the parties concerned must be filed on the property in the Recorder's Office of Hennepin County. Five acres commercial, office or retail development or 100 residential units require a TDM study. Shared parking The City Council may approve the use of shard parking where: The applicant demonstrates because of the hours, size, and mode of operation of the respective uses, there is not substantial conflict in the pear parking demands of the uses for which shared parking facilities is proposed, and there is adequate parking to meet the needs for each use. A shared parking plan must be submitted where share parking is proposed that includes specific analysis on the peaking characteristics of the various uses indicated. Where a shared use of parking exists with the same site or across sites, a properly drawn legal instrument, executed by the parties concerned, must be filed as a deed restriction on all impacted properties in the Hennepin County Recorder's Office. A parking study is required and conducted in accordance with accepted methodology approved by the City staff, prepared by an independent traffic engineering professional under the supervision of the City and paid for by the applicant, demonstrating that there is not a present need for the portion of parking for which the applicant is requesting shared parking flexibility. Shared parking shall be no more that 500 feet from the front door of the building sharing the parking. Bicycle Parking a) Bicycle parking facilities must be provided for all office and multifamily structures and freestanding commercial uses. b) The required number of bicycle parking spaces will be based on the following: Multifamily Residential Retail Lon tg erm 1 per 2 units .50 space per employee Office .25 space per 1,000 square feet of net building area Park and Ride Facilities 10 spaces an acre Short term 1 per 20 units .50 space per 1,000 square feet of net building area 1 per 40,000 square feet of net building area 10 percent of parking stalls c) Bicycle parking facilities must be located in a secure, lockable, and well -lighted area. d) All bicycle racks, lockers, or other facilities must be securely anchored to the ground or to a structure. e) All required bicycle parking must be located within 50 feet of central or well -used building entrances. f) Long-term bicycle parking facilities provide parking for bike storage lasting six or more hours shall be located inside buildings or bike storage facility for added security. g) The amount of short-term bicycle parking required for bike storage lasting less than two hours must be provided for at each building. h) In buildings that have several uses, shared short-term bicycle parking facilities are encouraged and should be centrally located between uses. Shadow Study A shadow study is required for all buildings four stories or higher. The shadow study will indicate the shadows cast at the shortest and longest days of the year. Impacts of a shadow on the surrounding property may be a reason to lower and/or adjust the location or height of building(s). Exterior The primary exterior treatment of walls facing a public right-of—way or parking lot on a structure shall be brick, cast concrete, stone, marble or other material similar in appearance and durability. Regular or decorative concrete block, float finish stucco, EIFS-type stucco, cementitious fiber board, or wood clap board may be used on the front fagade as a secondary treatment or trim but shall not be a primary exterior treatment of a wall facing a public right-of-way. Building Orientation Buildings within the Mixed Use district must be oriented toward the pedestrian by providing a direct link between each building and the pedestrian walking system, with emphasis on directing people to a transit station. The primary street side fagade of a building shall not consist of an unarticulated blank wall, flat front facades or an unbroken series of garage doors. The front of a building shall be broken up into individual bays of a minimum of 25 feet and maximum of 40 feet wide. Blocks must not exceed (600) feet in length and must provide pedestrian connectors. These pedestrian connectors can be pedestrian easements and pathways or through -building linkages at least every 300 feet. All nonresidential floor space provided on the ground floor of a mixed use building must have a minimum floor -to -ceiling height of 11 feet. Transparency A minimum of 60 percent to a maximum of 75 percent of the front street -facing fagade between two feet and eight feet in height must comprise clear windows that allow views of indoor nonresidential space or product display area. Side facades abutting a public right-of-way shall have a minimum of 30 percent clear windows. The bottom edge of any window or product display window used to satisfy the transparency standard of paragraph (1) above may not be more than three feet above the adjacent sidewalk. Product display windows used to satisfy these requirements must have a minimum height of four feet and be internally lighted. Transparent windows allowing visual access into and out of nonresidential buildings shall be required on the first floor frontage along the front yard. 30 percent fenestration for windows above the first floor for all sides that abut a public right-of- way. Sidewalks Sidewalks must be constructed along the frontage of all public streets and within and along the frontage of all new development or redevelopment. Sidewalks may range in width from a minimum of five feet to a maximum of 20 feet, depending on expected pedestrian traffic. Pedestrian/Streetscapes Street trees in grates or planters are required along sidewalks for all new platted streets. Existing streets may not allow sufficient right-of-way for street trees. If the existing right of way does not allow for street trees, landscaping, trees, planters or street furniture will be added to the interior side of the sidewalk where the setback will allow. Pedestrian improvements of at least one percent of the project value shall be included in the development. These improvements shall create a high quality pedestrian experience through the provision of benches, planters, drinking fountains, waste containers, median landscaping, etc. Said improvements shall be on all public streets that lead directly to the station. Pedestrian -scale LED light fixtures that shine downward on the sidewalks and walkways shall be no greater than 12 feet in height must be provided along all sidewalks and walkways to provide ample lighting during nighttime hours for employees, residents, and customers. It shall be the responsibility of the owner of the abutting building to maintain the streetscape. Landscaping All open areas of a lot that are not used or improved for required parking areas and drives shall be landscaped with a combination of over story trees, understory trees shrubs, flowers and ground cover materials. The plan for landscaping shall include ground cover, bushes, shrubbery, trees, sculptures, fountains, decorative walks or other similar site design features or materials. The following table is a minimum value for the landscaping: Project Value Below $1,000,000 Minimum 2 percent $1,000,000 - $2,000,000 $20,000 + 1 percent of project value in excess of $1,000,000 $2,000,000 - $3,000,000 $3,000,000 - $4,000,000 over $4,000,000 $30,000 +.75 percent of project value in excess of $2,000,000 $37,500 +.25 percent of project value in excess of $3,000,000 1 percent Documentation showing an estimated dollar amount of landscaping shall be provided to the City prior to any approval. All new over story trees shall be balled and burlapped or moved from the growing site by tree spade. Deciduous trees shall have a minimum caliper of 2.5 inches. Coniferous trees shall be a minimum caliper of 1.5 inches. All site areas not covered by buildings, sidewalks, parking lots, driveways, patios or similar hard surface materials shall be covered with sod or an equivalent ground cover approved by the City. This requirement shall not apply to site areas retained in a natural state. An underground sprinkler system shall be provided as part of each new development. A sprinkler system shall be provided for all landscaped areas except areas to be preserved in a natural state. The sprinkler system is required to have a sensor for an automatic shut-off to prevent the system from operating when it is raining. Indoor/Outdoor Operations All permitted uses in the mixed use district must be conducted within completely enclosed building unless permitted by a conditional use permit. This requirement does not apply to off- street parking or loading areas, automated teller machines, or outdoor seating area, alone or in connection with restaurants. Signs Subd. 1. Wall Signs. Each tenant other than those in multi -tenant buildings may have one flat wall sign, not extending more than 18 inches from the face of the building, except that such signage may extend from the face of the roof over a covered walk. Such wall signs shall not exceed two times of the lineal frontage of the wall to which the business is located, to a maximum of 96 square feet. Signs shall not be internally illuminated. Subd. 2. Canopies and Awnings. The design of canopies shall be in keeping with the overall building design in terms of location, size, and color. No canopies with visible wall hangers shall be permitted. Signage on canopies maybe substituted for allowed building signage and shall be limited to 25% of the canopy area. Canopies shall not be internally illuminated. Subd. 3. Projecting Projecting signs will have a maximum size of 12. square feet and a maximum width of three feet. Projecting signs cannot extend beyond the first floor of the building. No less than 10 feet of clearance shall be provided between the sidewalk surface and the lowest point of the projecting sign. Maximum distance between sign and building face is one foot. Subd 5. Monument sign. Monument signs may be allowed with a conditional use permit. One monument sign is allowed for developments of 10 — 20 acres provided the surface area of the sign does not exceed 100 square feet per side and 15 feet in height. This area may be increased to a maximum of 150 square feet per side for developments of over 20 acres. Drive thru. A drive thru maybe permitted with a conditional use permit. The applicant must show that the drive thru is an integral part of the building and the traffic and queuing will not interfere with the pedestrian experience. It shall be at the sole discretion of the City Council to allow a drive thru. Nei hborhood Mixed -Use (NMU) — This area is primarily located around the Blake Transit Station. The Neighborhood Mixed -Use District is intended primarily for mixed pedestrian - scaled, neighborhood -serving, nonresidential uses and high density residential uses in the same structure or in close proximity to one another. Development in this district shall promote pedestrian -scaled uses through connections to adjacent neighborhoods, the construction of mixed-use buildings, and the establishment of residential and nonresidential uses in close proximity to one another. Nonresidential uses may include small-scale retail, service, and professional offices that provide goods and services to the residents of the surrounding neighborhood. Hei ht Height 3-4 stories for residential structures Mixed Use 5-6 stories (retail on the first floor) 4-5 stories for office structures FAR Residential minimum FAR 2 Residential maximum FAR 3 Mixed use building minimum FAR 4 Mixed use building maximum FAR 5 Office building minimum FAR 3 Office building maximum FAR 4 Front yard setbacks along Blake Road and Excelsior Blvd Residential building 15'- 25' Office building 25'- 40' Front yard setbacks along 2nd Street Residential building 5' — 15' Structured parking 5' — 15' Office building 5'-15' Side 10 feet Rear 10 feet Corridor Mixed -Use (CMU) — This area is primary located from the Downtown Hopkins Transit Station to Mainstreet. The Corridor Mixed—Use District provides for development of high density residential and vertically -integrated, mixed -uses over ground -floor, non-residential uses on lots fronting Eighth Avenue from Excelsior Boulevard to Mainstreet. This district acts as a transition from the transit station to Mainstreet. Development Standards Each off-street parking area is encouraged to be designed and located so that parking lots on adjacent parcels may be linked. The principal functional doorway for public or direct -entry access into a building shall face the fronting street. Corner entrances shall be provided on corner lot buildings or have dual entries. A secondary entrance may be oriented towards off-street surface parking. Outdoor Gathering Space Outdoor Gathering Space shall have direct access to the sidewalk. All outdoor Gathering Spaces will have a treatment such as a wrought iron fence, hedge, or a one to three feet wall following the building line of the abutting buildings. The space can have the following: • Lighted ballards • Movable or unmovable tables and chairs • Fountains or other water features • Benches • Seat walls and/or landscape planters • Shade trees • Pots or hanging baskets filled with seasonal plant material • Information kiosks • Sculptures or other public art features Minimum height three stories from alley south of Mainstreet to Mainstreet Minimum FAR — 2 Maximum FAR - 3 Height four stories from Excelsior Blvd to alley south of Mainstreet Minimum FAR - 4 Maximum FAR - 5 Maximum setback from Bch Avenue - 1 foot, except for the following: a. A portion of the building may be setback from Eighth Avenue to provide an articulated fagade or accommodate a building entrance feature, provided that the total area of the space created must not exceed one square foot for every linear foot of building frontage. b. A building may be set back from Eighth Avenue to accommodate an outdoor eating area. To preserve the continuity of the street wall, the building may be set back no more that 12 feet from the front or street side property line, or at least 40 percent of the building facade must be located abutting Eighth Avenue. The total area of an outdoor eating area that is located between a public sidewalk and the building fagade may not exceed 12 times the buildings street frontage in linear feet. Side yard setback 0 Rear yard —10 feet Commercial Mixed Use (ComMU) - This area is primary located around the Shady Oak Transit Station in the west side of Hopkins. The Commercial Mixed Use District is intended to support a variety of housing types and compatible vertically -integrated mixed uses composed of street - level nonresidential and upper -story residential uses. High-density attached residential use types that are supportive of transit are encouraged. Height Building height 4-5 stories Minimum FAR Floor Area Ratio 4 Maximum FAR Floor Area Ratio 5 Setbacks Front yard 0-5 feet DEFINITIONS FOR MIXED USE Artisan Shops - Retail stores selling glass, ceramics, jewelry, and other handcrafted items, where the facility includes an area for the crafting of the items being sold. Assisted Living - Provide supervision or assistance with activities of daily living; coordination of services by outside health care providers; and monitoring of resident activities to help to ensure their health, safety, and well-being. Banks and Financial Services — Financial institutions including banks and trust companies, credit agencies, holding companies, lending and thrift institutions other investment companies, securities/commodity contract brokers, and dealers security and commodity exchanges vehicle finance (equity) leasing agencies. Bar/Tavern - A bar also called a pub or tavern is a business that serves drinks, especially alcoholic beverages such as beer, liquor, and mixed drinks, for consumption on the premises. Big -Box Retail - Any commercial retail establishment that meets or exceeds 50,000 square feet of gross floor area. Boutiques - A small retail shop that specializes in gifts, fashionable clothes, or accessories. Delicatessen - A shop that sells cooked or prepared foods ready for serving. Ready -to -serve foods such as cheeses, cold cooked meats, and salads Educational Facilities — Includes public and private schools at the primary, elementary, middle, junior high or high school level that provide state -mandated basic education or a comparable equivalent. This also includes colleges, universities, and other institutions or higher learning such as vocational or trade schools that offer courses of general or specialized study leading to a degree or certification. Farmers Market -The sale of organic, non-organic, or otherwise locally grown fruits, vegetables, and other agricultural products directly to the consumer by the farmer, typically in an outdoor setting. Greenroof — Greenroofs are vegetated roof covers, with growing media and plants taking the place of bare membrane, gravel ballast, shingles or tiles. The number of layers and the layer placement vary from system to system and greenroof type, but at the very least all greenroofs include a single to inulti-ply waterproofing layer, drainage, growing media and the plants, covering the entire roof deck surface. There are two main types of greenroofs — extensive or intensive — although a greenroof is often designed with features of both and then are referred to as either semi -extensive or semi -intensive. Indoor worts and Recreation Facility - Predominantly participant sports and health activities conducted entirely within an enclosed building. Typical uses include bowling alley, billiard parlor, ice/roller skating rinks, indoor racquetball courts, indoor climbing facilities, and soccer areas. Medical Service — Clinics Offices and Laboratories. Facility primarily engaged in furnishing outpatient medical, mental health, surgical and other personal health services, but which are separate from hospitals, including; medical and dental laboratories, medical, dental and psychiatric offices, out-patient care facilities, acupuncture, and other allied health service Counseling services by other than medical doctor psychiatrists are included under offices. Mixed-use Building — means a building that contains at least one floor devoted to allowed nonresidential uses and at least one devoted to allowed residential uses. Mixed Use — generally refers to a deliberate mix of housing, civic uses, and commercial uses, including retail, restaurants, and offices. Music Store — a musical instrument retailer selling guitars, amps, sound systems, drums, band and orchestra instruments for sale or rental and may also have lessons available. Neighborhood Market — A pedestrian -oriented grocery/specialty market store offering food products packaged for preparation and consumption away from the site of the store and oriented to the daily shopping needs of surrounding residential areas. Neighborhood markets are less than 5,000 square feet in size and operate less than 18 hours per day. Neighborhood markets may include deli or beverage tasting facilities that are ancillary to the market/grocery portion of the use. Nursing Home - A residential facility for person with chronic illness or disability. May also be called a convalescent home or long-term care facility. Park and Ride Facility — A designated area where a vehicle may be left in order to carpool with other commuters or to ride public transit. Print Shop — is a business which prints and copies things such as documents and cards for customers. Retail Sales, General - Stores and shops selling merchandise. These stores and lines of merchandise include; art galleries, artists' supplies, bakeries, bicycles, books, cameras and photographic supplies, clothing and accessories, collectibles (cards, coins, comics, stamps, etc) department stores, drug and discount stores, dry goods, fabrics and sewing supplies, florists and houseplant stores (indoor sales), furniture, home furnishings and equipment, general stores, gift and souvenir shops, hardware, hobby materials, jewelry, luggage and leather goods, musical instruments, parts and accessories, newsstands, orthopedic supplies, pet supplies sales with no animals but fish, religious goods, small wares, specialty shops, sporting goods and equipment, stationery, toys and games, variety stores. This does not include big box retail, superstores or warehouse clubs. Street Food Vendor — street food is a quick eat/or quick meal which sells by vendor with a push cart, basket, or at a stall, where customer can see the preparation of cooking or the prepared street food clearly. Transit Stations — Passenger stations for vehicular and rail mass transit systems. Variety Store - a retail store that sells a wide range of inexpensive items. • • �J • • MIXED USE RESIDENTIAL NMU (Blake) CMU (8th Ave) COmMU (Shady Oak) Multi—unit dwellings x x x Townhomes x x COMMERCIAL Bar/Tavern x Antiques x x Art Gallery x Artisan Shop x x Bakery x x x Bank and Financial Services x (a) x(a) x(a ) Beauty/Barber Shop x x x Bike Sales x x Books — Office supplies x x Boutiques x x Butcher x x x Camera — photographic x x Clothing Store x Clubs (private — non profit) x x x Coffee Shop x x x Collectibles (cards, coins, comics, stamps, etc) x x Costume and Formal Wear Rental x x Currency Exchange x (b) x (b) Day Nursery x x x Delicatessen x x x Dry clean and laundry x x x Educational Facilities x x (c) x Electronics x (d) x (d) Employment agency x x x Essential public service & utility structures x x x Fabric and sewing store x x Florists x x x Garden and landscape x(e) x (e) Gifts and novelties x x Glassware, china, pottery x Health Club x x Hobby — craft - instruction Hotel x x x Karate, Dance —studio x x Ice Cream x x x Indoor Sports and Recreation Facility Interiors — decoration studio x x x(f) x x Jewelry Leather goods — luggage x x x x Liquors - off sale Locksmith and fixit shop x x x x x x Medical Service x x x Music store x Neighborhood market Offices x x x x x x Optical x x Paint and wallpaper x Parking ramps and lots Pawn shop x x x x x Pet Grooming x x Pet Store x x Pharmacy — drug store Photogra by — studio Picture framing — art shopx x x (g) x Pi e — tobacco shop x x x Print shop x x x Restaurant - traditional x x x Restaurant — carry -out and y — boot store x x x xng x goods ery — card shop k x x x x x Street food vendors x x x Tailoring x x x Travel agent x x x Variety Store x x Vet Clinic x x x Video/DVD — sales, rental x x x CIVIC Transit Station x x x Park and Ride Facility x x x Publico enspace/park x x x Conditional uses a. Bank and Financial Services provided: 1. The applicant must show that the drive thru in an integral par of the building and the traffic and queuing will not interfere with the pedestrian experience. It shall be at the sole discretion of the City Council to allow a drive thru. b. Currency Exchange: 1. the use shall be located at least one thousand (1,000) feet from any other currency exchanges, secondhand goods stores, and pawnshops; 2. the use shall be located at least three hundred fifty (350) feet from an off -sale liquor establishment; 3. Back—lighted signs, back -lighted awnings, portable signs, temporary signs and freestanding signs are prohibited. c. Educational Facilities provided: 1. use shall not be located on first floor d. Electronics provided: 1. less than 5000 square feet e. Garden and landscape provided: 1. outside display limited to area in front of store f. Indoor sports and recreation facility provided: 1. less than 5000 square feet g. Pharmacy — drug store provided: 1. less than 5000 square feet